Antimony Chloride (SbCl3)-Powder

Characteristic




Antimony trichloride is the chemical compound with the formula SbCl3.




Chemical formula：SbCl3

Molar mass：228.11 g·mol−1

Appearance：Colorless solid, very hygroscopic

Odor：Sharp, pungent

Density：3.14 g/cm3 (25 °C)

                2.51 g/cm3 (150 °C)

Melting point：73.4 °C (164.1 °F; 346.5 K) 

Boiling point：223.5 °C (434.3 °F; 496.6 K)

Solubility in water：601.1 g/100 mL (0 °C)

                                 985.1 g/100 mL (25 °C)

                                 1.357 kg/100 mL (40 °C)

Solubility：Soluble in ethanol, CH2Cl2, phenyls, ether, dioxane, CS2, CCl4, CHCl3, cyclohexane, selenium(IV) oxychloride Insoluble in pyridine, quinoline, organic bases




Application




SbCl3 is a reagent for detecting vitamin A and related carotenoids in the Carr-Price test. The antimony trichloride reacts with the carotenoid to form a blue complex that can be measured by colorimetry.




Antimony trichloride has also been used as an adulterant to enhance the louche effect in absinthe. It has been used in the past to dissolve and remove horn stubs from calves without having to cut them off.




It is also used as a catalyst for polymerization, hydrocracking, and chlorination reactions; as a mordant; and in the production of other antimony salts. Its solution is used as an analytical reagent for chloral, aromatics, and vitamin A. It has a very potential use as a Lewis acid catalyst in synthetic organic transformation.




A solution of antimony trichloride in liquid hydrogen sulfide is a good conductor, though the applications of such are limited by the very low temperature or high pressure required for hydrogen sulfide to be liquid.