Nickel(II) chloride hydrate (NiCl2•xH2O)-Powder

Characteristic

 

Nickel(II) chloride (or just nickel chloride), is the chemical compound NiCl2. The anhydrous salt is yellow, but the more familiar hydrate NiCl2·6H2O is green. 




Chemical formula：NiCl2•xH2O

Molar mass：129.5994 g/mol (anhydrous);237.69 g/mol (hexahydrate)

Appearance：yellow-brown crystals deliquescent (anhydrous);green crystals (hexahydrate)

Odor：odorless

Density：3.55 g/cm3 (anhydrous);1.92 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)

Melting point：1,001 °C (1,834 °F; 1,274 K) (anhydrous);140 °C (hexahydrate)

Solubility in water：anhydrous:67.5 g/100 mL (25 °C);87.6 g/100 mL (100 °C)

hexahydrate:123.8 g/100 mL (25 °C);160.7 g/100 mL (100 °C)

Solubility：0.8 g/100 mL (hydrazine);soluble in ethylene glycol, ethanol, ammonium hydroxide;insoluble in ammonia, nitric acid

 


Application

 

It is used in electroplating and as a catalyst for organic conversions, for example in chemo-selective thioacetalization of aldehydes. In combination with lithium aluminum hydride, it serves as a reducing agent for alkenes, alkynes, and organic halides; it can cleave N-O bond and open epoxides. It is a precursor to several nickel-phosphine complexes, such as bis(triphenylphosphine)nickel(II) chloride, which are used in alkyne trimerizations, carbonylations, and as catalysts in organic reactions such as Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reactions as an alternative to palladium(0) catalysts. It is the precursor to acetylacetonate complex of Ni, used for producing 1,5-cyclooctadiene complex, an important reagent in organonickel chemistry. It can be used to prepare the sandwich compound nickelocene through dimethoxyethane complex of nickel chloride.